Hydrazine hydrat 40% 55% 64% 80% 100%
Chemical properties
1. Molecular formula and structure
Chemical formula: N2H4.H2O , usually in the form of dimer, molecular weight about 50.06.
2. Physical state
*Appearance: colorless transparent oily liquid, strong hygroscopicity, smoke in the air (due to the absorption of carbon dioxide to generate carbonic acid hydrazine).
*Odor: slightly ammonia odor.
*Solubility: miscible with water and ethanol, insoluble in chloroform and ether.
*Corrosivity: can erode glass, rubber, leather, cork and other materials.
3. Thermal stability
*Melting point: -51.7℃ (-40℃ for some information).
*Boiling point: 118.5°C (decomposition temperature may be higher).
4. Chemical activity
*Basic: pH > 12 (510g/L aqueous solution, 20°C), can be neutralized with acids.
*Oxidation reaction: may spontaneously combust or explode in contact with oxidizing agents (e.g., mercuric oxide, metallic sodium).
Hydrazine hydrat(TDS)
Scope of Application
1. Industrial reducing agents
-Used to reduce metal oxides (e.g. mercury, copper) to lower valence states or monomers.
-Precipitate elements such as aluminum and trivalent chromium in electrolytic analysis.
2. Pharmaceutical synthesis
-Synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics (such as cefazolin), anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid), anti-tumor drugs (methylphenylhydrazine) and so on.
-Used in the preparation of diuretic and antihypertensive drugs (phenylpyridazine), antipsychotics (1-isonicotinoyl-2-isopropylhydrazine) and so on.
3. Pesticide production
-Synthesize plant growth regulators (maleic hydrazide derivatives), insecticides (pyrazole derivatives), herbicides (aminotriazoles), etc.
4. Foaming agents and polymers
-Manufacture of ADC foaming agent (azodicarbonamide), used in plastic, rubber foaming, products are non-toxic and odorless.
-Used as polymer initiator (such as AZDN, AIVN).
5. Water treatment
-Boiler feed water deoxidizer: reacts with oxygen to generate nitrogen and water, non-toxic and non-corrosive.
-Circulating water anti-corrosion additive: inhibit oxidation of metal pipes.
6. Energy and materials
-Rocket fuels: high concentration hydrazine hydrate (e.g. 80%) is used in rocket propellants such as Ariane 4.
-Precious metal refining: cleaning and recycling of nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium and other metals.
-Electronics industry: purification of high purity sulfuric acid for semiconductor manufacturing.
7. Other applications
-Synthetic dyes, developers, antioxidants.
-Used in gold ore dressing in ACTIRED process.
